• Tropical, isolated rocky hill and outcropping microhabitats in semi-arid and arid thornbush savannas
• Habitat destruction and conversion for agriculture, livestock ranghing, timber, and charcoal production
• Illegal collection for the pet trade
• Laundering wild-caught tortoises as captive-bred
• Decreasing
• Estimated population reduction greater than 80%
• Populations highly fragmented
• Majority of populations occur outside of protected areas
